This allows the piston to "deform" and better absorb combustion forces before a catastrophic failure. These pistons will be softer and more ductile than a piston with more silicon content. The 2618 is a low silicon and high expansion material with better tolerances and higher resistance to detonation. This is a material usually reserved for racing and other "heavy duty" applications. Mahle uses their high-performance 2618 alloy for their S54 pistons. This piston set matches all of the factory piston specs for bore and compression. Forged pistons are inherently a stronger material and more robust in these extreme conditions. These types of combustion forces can make it brittle or even deform the piston shape or size. The strength of cast parts is susceptible to heat, detonation/knock, and other timing or fuel issues. But increase the performance and the cast aluminum becomes a weak link at some point. Factory BMW pistons are cast aluminum, which is fine for the intended power output and durability. Mahle Motorsports S54 pistons are forged for strength, light weight, and low drag to be a more specialized application than stock BMW pistons.
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